{"id":38699,"date":"2026-10-19T21:41:25","date_gmt":"2026-10-19T19:41:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/antykwariat-polski.pl\/produkt\/o-prawie-przyrodzonym-on-natural-law-or-on-the-duties-and-relations-of-moral-man-1803\/"},"modified":"2026-10-22T22:26:45","modified_gmt":"2026-10-22T20:26:45","slug":"on-natural-law-1803","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/antykwariat-polski.pl\/en\/produkt\/on-natural-law-1803\/","title":{"rendered":"[Micha\u0142 Czacki]: On Natural Law, or On the Duties and Relationships of the Moral Person [1803]"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[Micha\u0142 Czacki], \u201cOn Natural Law, or On the Duties and Relationships of the Moral Man,\u201d Warsaw, 1803<\/p>\n<p>(at Printing House No. 646 on Nowolipie Street; anonymous edition; attributed to Micha\u0142 Czacki according to the National Library catalog)<\/p>\n<p>\u201cOn Natural Law\u201d is a treatise on natural law and ethics, published in Warsaw in 1803. It was published anonymously: the title page does not bear the author\u2019s name, and the National Library\u2019s catalog attributes the work to Micha\u0142 Czacki (1753\u20131828). On the reverse side of the title page, a Latin motto is printed, beginning with the words \u201cEst quidem vera lex, recta ratio, naturae congruens, diffusa in omnes, constans, sempiterna\u2026\u201d.  <\/p>\n<p>The Preface (p. 3) opens with the sentence: \u201cWhen that homeland\u2014in which and for which it was once a citizen\u2019s duty to act, advise, and write\u2014no longer exists, what remains is the universality of the world.\u201d This is the voice of a generation that, after the fall of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, sought support in natural law and the duties of the moral individual. <\/p>\n<p>Discoloration on the title page. This copy underwent conservation treatment at the Antykwariat Polski workshop. The book block was mechanically cleaned, and the sections were re-sewn by hand, restoring the volume\u2019s structural stability.  <\/p>\n<p>A leather binding handcrafted from the finest materials by master artisans at the Antykwariat Polski bookbinding workshop. Natural leather, with a marbled paper endpaper. <\/p>\n<p>The mission of Antykwariat Polski is based on a simple belief: valuable Polish books deserve to survive. Not as exhibits behind glass, but as living objects\u2014preserved, bound with the utmost artisanal care, and ready for centuries to come in a collector\u2019s library. <\/p>\n<p>13083-19-A-Z<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Warsaw, 1803, at Printing House No. 646 on Nowolipie Street. *<br \/>\n* 270, [2] pp.; 19 cm. Anonymous edition.  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":38560,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false},"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[689,227,222],"product_tag":[4411,4412,4360,4408,4409,4410,4414,4413],"class_list":["post-38699","product","type-product","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","product_cat-collectible-books","product_cat-law","product_cat-philosophy","product_tag-etyka","product_tag-filozofia-prawa","product_tag-oprawa-skorzana","product_tag-papier-marmoryzowany","product_tag-prawo-natury","product_tag-prawo-przyrodzone","product_tag-stary-druk","product_tag-warszawa-1803","first","instock","sold-individually","taxable","shipping-taxable","purchasable","product-type-simple"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/antykwariat-polski.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/38699","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/antykwariat-polski.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/antykwariat-polski.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antykwariat-polski.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38699"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antykwariat-polski.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/38560"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/antykwariat-polski.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38699"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_brand","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antykwariat-polski.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_brand?post=38699"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antykwariat-polski.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=38699"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antykwariat-polski.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=38699"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}